What keyboard entry would you use on an Inmarsat-B terminal to obtain a TELEX connection via Santa Paula to another ship that is located 300 miles west of San Francisco?

The correct entry utilizes a specific coding format suitable for establishing a TELEX connection via the Inmarsat-B satellite network. In particular, this format includes the national code, which previously indicates 001 for the US, followed by a "+" sign that indicates the connection will be a TELEX format. The number itself, which in this case is 00582336657450, serves as the address for the ship you're trying to connect with.

In this context, the chosen option is structured correctly for reaching a vessel via TELEX when factoring in the location details given in the question. The inclusion of the "+" symbolizes that the message is being sent to an international destination, aligned with the correct dialing conventions for TELEX services over Inmarsat.

Other entries fail because they either include incorrect national codes, incorrect formatting with respect to the required "+" sign, or use numbers that do not pertain to the proper communication endpoint as indicated by the scenario requirements. Ensuring that the code used appropriately represents the destination's international dialing format and adheres to the Inmarsat-B protocol is essential for establishing a successful connection.