Which channel is designated for "On-scene" communications in GMDSS?

In the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS), Channel 16 is designated as the International Distress, Safety, and Calling Channel. It serves as the primary channel for maritime distress and safety communications, including "on-scene" communications. This channel is crucial for vessels in distress to initiate contact with other ships or shore stations and for responding vessels to coordinate their actions when a distress situation occurs.

Channel 16 is monitored continuously by coast stations and ships, facilitating immediate communication in emergencies. When a vessel is involved in a distress situation, it can use Channel 16 to send out a Mayday call or to communicate with nearby vessels, which is essential for coordinating rescue operations and providing assistance.

Other channels listed serve different purposes—Channel 24 is typically used for communications with port authorities, Channel 2182 is related to distress communication in the VHF band but is not actively used for on-scene coordination, and Channel 70 is used for Digital Selective Calling (DSC) but does not serve as a primary on-scene communication channel. This clarification reinforces the importance of Channel 16 in GMDSS and its critical role in maritime safety operations.