Which of the following provides a unique automated system capable of addressing messages to pre-determined groups of ships?

The correct answer is EGC, or Enhanced Group Calling. This system is designed to send automated messages to specific groups of ships that have been pre-determined. The technology behind EGC allows for efficient dissemination of important information such as safety messages, navigational warnings, and meteorological updates to vessels that are within certain areas or that share common routes.

EGC operates using digital selective calling (DSC) and is part of the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) requirements. It streamlines communication in maritime operations, ensuring that ships receive vital information without the need for individual calls, thus enhancing both safety and efficiency in maritime communications.

NAVTEX, while important for marine navigation, broadcasts navigational warnings and safety information but does not provide the same unique automated addressing capability as EGC. AFRTS is focused on providing entertainment and news to military personnel rather than maritime safety messages. NAVAREAs are geographical areas defined for the purpose of navigation and do not directly facilitate the addressing of messages to predetermined groups.